Archaeology of the land of the bible / Mazar, Amihai

Público ISBD Título : Archaeology of the land of the bible Tipo de documento: texto impreso Autores: Mazar, Amihai, Autor Mención de edición: 1° Editorial: Doubleday Fecha de publicación: 1990 Número de páginas: 572 páginas Nota general: <27289> Idioma : Español Clasificación: 220.93/M33/(ING) Resumen: Preface xv Acknowledgments and Credits xvii Bibliographic Note xix List of Abbreviations xxi List of Tables xxiv List of Maps and Illustrations xxiv Glossary of Geographic Terms xxx CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 The Geographic Setting 1 The Tell and the Ruin 9 History of the Research 10 Stratigraphy 21 Excavation Methods 21 Coping with the Finds 26 Regional Studies 28 Chronology 28 Terminology and Periodization 29 Publications 30 Ideology and Interpretation 31 Notes 33 CHAPTER TWO THE FIRST AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITIES: The Neolithic Period (ca. 8500-4300 B.C.E.) Before Agriculture 35 The Natufian Culture 36 The Neolithic Age (8500-4800 B.C.E.) 38 Introduction 38 Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) 40 Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) 44 The Pottery Neolithic Period (PN) 49 Desert Regions in the Neolithic Period 54 Notes 56 CHAPTER THREE INNOVATIVE COMMUNITIES OF THE FOURTH MILLENNIUM: The Chalcolithic Period (ca. 4300-3300 B.C.E.) 59 Introduction 59 Settlement Pattern 60 Settlement Planning and Architecture 64 The Temple at En Gedi Pottery 69 Stone Implements 72 The Flint industry, Stone Vessels and Siell Objects The Copper Industry and the "Cave of the Treasure" 72 Ritual Art 75 Burial Customs 82 Subsistence Economy 85 The Origins of the Ghassulian Culture and Its Chronology 86 The Collapse of the Ghassulian Culture 88 Notes CHAPTER FOUR THE EMERGENCE OF CITIES: The Early Bronze Age (ca. 3300-2300 B.C.E.) 91 Introduction 91 The Early Bronze I Period (ca. 3300-3050 B.C.E.) 92 Terminology 92 Settlement Pattern 94 Site Plan and Architecture 96 Burial Customs 98 Pottery 100 Other Finds 103 The Origins of the Early Bronze I Culture 104 Relations with Egypt and Chronology 105 The Early Bronze - Urban Culture (ca. 3050-2300 B.C.E) 108 Inner Phasing and Chronology 108 The Background to Urbanization 110 Settlement Pattern and Population 111 The Urban Environment, The Golan-Galilee Enclosures, The Negev and Southern Sinat Pastoralists Agriculture 118 Architecture 118 Fortifications: City Planning and Dwellings. Temples, The Granary at Beth-Yerah The Ai Water Reservoir Pottery 130 Metallurgy 134 International Connections 135 Connections with Egypt; Art Objects Indicating Relations with Syria, Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and the Aegean Burial Customs 139 Society, Politics, and Economy 139 The Collapse of the Early Bronze Age Urban Culture 141 The Early Bronze Age and the Bible 143 Notes 144 CHAPTER FIVE AN INTERLUDE: The EB IV/MB I Period (ca. 2300-2000 B.C.E.) 151 Introduction 151 Terminology 152 Settlement Pattern and Architecture 152 Burial Customs 159 Pottery 162 The Three Mon Asseblas, Syrian Imported Pottery Metallurgy 165 Weapons and Pins The Ain Samiya Goblet Chronology 168 Interpretation 169 Notes 172 CHAPTER SIX MIGHTY CANAANITE CITY-STATES: The Middle Bronze II Period (ca. 2000-1550 B.C.E.) 174 General Outline 174 The Middle Bronze IIA Period (Ca. 2000-1800 /1750 B.C.E) 175 Introduction Settlement Pattern 176 Fortifications 179 Urban Architecture 181 Pottery 182 Metallurgy 184 Relations with Egypt 185 The Origin of the Middle Bronze IIA Culture 188 Chronology 189 The Middle Bronze IIB-C (ca. 1800-1550 B.C.E.) 191 Introduction 191 Subphasing and Chronology 193 Settlement Pattern 197 Fortifications 198 Ramparts and Glacis, City Gates Urban Architecture 208 City Plan and Dwellings, Palaces, Temples Agricultural Installations 213 Burial Customs 213 Pottery and Foreign Relations 214 Weapons 218 Art 219 Metal Figurines, jewelry: Glyptic Art Monumental Art Writing 224 The Patriarchal Narratives and the Middle Bronze Age 224 The End of the Middle Bronze Age 226 Notes 227 CHAPTER SEVEN IN THE SHADOW OF EGYPTIAN DOMINATION: The Late Bronze Age (ca. 1550-1200 B.C.E.) 232 Historical Background 232 Inner Division and Terminology 238 Settlement Pattern 239 The Occupation History of Late Bronze Sites 241 Aspects of Canaanite Town Planning and Architecture 243 Fortifications Town Planning, Palaces, Domestic Architecture: Temples Pottery and International Trade 257 Local Pottery, The Bichrome Group, Cynor imported Pottery, Mycenaean Imports Metallurgy 264 Art 266 Sculpture in Stone, Glyptic, Ivories; Metal Art Objects Clay Figurines Writing 274 Burial Customs 277 The Egyptian Presence in Canaan 279 Egyptian Forts and Residence; Anthropoid Coffins: Egyptian Mines The End of the Late Bronze Age 287 Notes 291 CHAPTER EIGHT THE DAYS OF THE JUDGES: Iron Age I (ca. 1200-1000 B.C.E.) 295 Terminology and Inner Division 295 Iron Age IA: The Last Phase of Egyptian Control in Canaan 296 The Settlement of the Philistines and Other Sea Peoples 300 Historical Sources 302 The Initial Settlement of the Sea Peoples 307 Settlement Pattern and Stratigraphy 308 Philistine Bichrome Pottery 313 Architecture 317 Fortifications. Town Planning and Dwellings. The Tell Qasile Temples Cult Objects 323 Glyptic Art and Writing 326 Burial Customs 326 The End of the Philistine Culture 327 The Material Culture of the israelite Tribes in the Period of the Judges 328 Introduction 328 The Israelite Conquest of Canaan in the Light of Archaeological Evidence 329 The Israelite Settlement 334 Settlement Planning and Architecture 338 Pottery 345 Religious Practice 348 The Problem of Ethnic Identity and Origins of Israelite Culture 353 The Canaanites and the Emergence of the Phoenician Culture 355 Transjordan in Iron Age 1 357 Metallurgy, Art, and Writing in Iron Age I 359 Metallurgy 259 Art 361 Writing 361 Notes 363 CHAPTER NINE THE UNITED MONARCHY: Iron Age IIA ca. 1000-925 B.C.E.) 368 Introduction 368 Historical Outline 369 Archaeology of the Time of Saul and David 371 The Time of Solomon 375 Solomonic Buildings in jerusalem, Solomon's Buildings Outside Jerusalem Settlement and Architecture 387 Settlements in the Negev 390 The Outcome of Shishak's Campaign 397 Notes 398 CHAPTER TEN THE DIVIDED MONARCHY: Iron Age IIB-C (925-586 B.C.E.) 403 Historical Outline 403 The Northern Kingdom of Israel 406 Samaria 406 The Samaria Ostraca Major Cities in the Kingdom of Israel 411 Other Towns and Forts in the Northern Kingdom 415 The Southern Kingdom of Judah 416 Settlement Pattern 416 Jerusalem 417 The Palace at Ramer Rabel Lachish 427 Judean Country Towns 435 Occupation History of Judean Towns The Northern Negev 438 Arad: Other Sites in the Northern Negev The Central and Southern Negev 444 Kadesh Barnea: Kuntillet Arad: Tell el-Kheleijeh The Judean Desert 451 Other Forts and Towers in Judah 453 The Lamelech and Rosette Seal Impressions 455 Judah's Downfall 458 Notes 460 CHAPTER ELEVEN GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE ISRAELITE MATERIAL CULTURE 463 Aspects of Israelite Town Planning and Architecture 463 Classification of Cities: Towa Streets: Royal Architecture and Ashlar Masonry Scabies and Store Buildings; Water Supply projects: Dwerlling Industrial! Installations Israelite Cult. Temples, Altars, and Artifacts 492 Dan: Beer sheba, Are Parvo To Other Cult installations, Chy Figurines, Cult Stands Art in Israel and Judah 502 The Samaria ivones: Seal Engravings Israelite Pottery 507 Metallurgy 509 Trade and Foreign Connections 510 internal Trade, international Trade Literacy and Inscriptions 514 Israelite Seas und Seal Impressions Burial Customs 520 Notes 526 CHAPTER TWELVE ISRAEL'S NEIGHBORS AND THE ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN DOMINATIONS Philistia 531 Phoenicia 536 Transjordan 541 The Assyrian Conquests and Domination 544 The Babylonian Period 548 Notes 549 General Index 551 Scriptures Index 570 Archaeology of the land of the bible [texto impreso] / Mazar, Amihai, Autor  . -  1° . - [S.l.] : Doubleday, 1990 . - 572 páginas. <27289> Idioma : Español Clasificación: 220.93/M33/(ING) Resumen: Preface xv Acknowledgments and Credits xvii Bibliographic Note xix List of Abbreviations xxi List of Tables xxiv List of Maps and Illustrations xxiv Glossary of Geographic Terms xxx CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1 The Geographic Setting 1 The Tell and the Ruin 9 History of the Research 10 Stratigraphy 21 Excavation Methods 21 Coping with the Finds 26 Regional Studies 28 Chronology 28 Terminology and Periodization 29 Publications 30 Ideology and Interpretation 31 Notes 33 CHAPTER TWO THE FIRST AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITIES: The Neolithic Period (ca. 8500-4300 B.C.E.) Before Agriculture 35 The Natufian Culture 36 The Neolithic Age (8500-4800 B.C.E.) 38 Introduction 38 Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) 40 Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) 44 The Pottery Neolithic Period (PN) 49 Desert Regions in the Neolithic Period 54 Notes 56 CHAPTER THREE INNOVATIVE COMMUNITIES OF THE FOURTH MILLENNIUM: The Chalcolithic Period (ca. 4300-3300 B.C.E.) 59 Introduction 59 Settlement Pattern 60 Settlement Planning and Architecture 64 The Temple at En Gedi Pottery 69 Stone Implements 72 The Flint industry, Stone Vessels and Siell Objects The Copper Industry and the "Cave of the Treasure" 72 Ritual Art 75 Burial Customs 82 Subsistence Economy 85 The Origins of the Ghassulian Culture and Its Chronology 86 The Collapse of the Ghassulian Culture 88 Notes CHAPTER FOUR THE EMERGENCE OF CITIES: The Early Bronze Age (ca. 3300-2300 B.C.E.) 91 Introduction 91 The Early Bronze I Period (ca. 3300-3050 B.C.E.) 92 Terminology 92 Settlement Pattern 94 Site Plan and Architecture 96 Burial Customs 98 Pottery 100 Other Finds 103 The Origins of the Early Bronze I Culture 104 Relations with Egypt and Chronology 105 The Early Bronze - Urban Culture (ca. 3050-2300 B.C.E) 108 Inner Phasing and Chronology 108 The Background to Urbanization 110 Settlement Pattern and Population 111 The Urban Environment, The Golan-Galilee Enclosures, The Negev and Southern Sinat Pastoralists Agriculture 118 Architecture 118 Fortifications: City Planning and Dwellings. Temples, The Granary at Beth-Yerah The Ai Water Reservoir Pottery 130 Metallurgy 134 International Connections 135 Connections with Egypt; Art Objects Indicating Relations with Syria, Anatolia, Mesopotamia, and the Aegean Burial Customs 139 Society, Politics, and Economy 139 The Collapse of the Early Bronze Age Urban Culture 141 The Early Bronze Age and the Bible 143 Notes 144 CHAPTER FIVE AN INTERLUDE: The EB IV/MB I Period (ca. 2300-2000 B.C.E.) 151 Introduction 151 Terminology 152 Settlement Pattern and Architecture 152 Burial Customs 159 Pottery 162 The Three Mon Asseblas, Syrian Imported Pottery Metallurgy 165 Weapons and Pins The Ain Samiya Goblet Chronology 168 Interpretation 169 Notes 172 CHAPTER SIX MIGHTY CANAANITE CITY-STATES: The Middle Bronze II Period (ca. 2000-1550 B.C.E.) 174 General Outline 174 The Middle Bronze IIA Period (Ca. 2000-1800 /1750 B.C.E) 175 Introduction Settlement Pattern 176 Fortifications 179 Urban Architecture 181 Pottery 182 Metallurgy 184 Relations with Egypt 185 The Origin of the Middle Bronze IIA Culture 188 Chronology 189 The Middle Bronze IIB-C (ca. 1800-1550 B.C.E.) 191 Introduction 191 Subphasing and Chronology 193 Settlement Pattern 197 Fortifications 198 Ramparts and Glacis, City Gates Urban Architecture 208 City Plan and Dwellings, Palaces, Temples Agricultural Installations 213 Burial Customs 213 Pottery and Foreign Relations 214 Weapons 218 Art 219 Metal Figurines, jewelry: Glyptic Art Monumental Art Writing 224 The Patriarchal Narratives and the Middle Bronze Age 224 The End of the Middle Bronze Age 226 Notes 227 CHAPTER SEVEN IN THE SHADOW OF EGYPTIAN DOMINATION: The Late Bronze Age (ca. 1550-1200 B.C.E.) 232 Historical Background 232 Inner Division and Terminology 238 Settlement Pattern 239 The Occupation History of Late Bronze Sites 241 Aspects of Canaanite Town Planning and Architecture 243 Fortifications Town Planning, Palaces, Domestic Architecture: Temples Pottery and International Trade 257 Local Pottery, The Bichrome Group, Cynor imported Pottery, Mycenaean Imports Metallurgy 264 Art 266 Sculpture in Stone, Glyptic, Ivories; Metal Art Objects Clay Figurines Writing 274 Burial Customs 277 The Egyptian Presence in Canaan 279 Egyptian Forts and Residence; Anthropoid Coffins: Egyptian Mines The End of the Late Bronze Age 287 Notes 291 CHAPTER EIGHT THE DAYS OF THE JUDGES: Iron Age I (ca. 1200-1000 B.C.E.) 295 Terminology and Inner Division 295 Iron Age IA: The Last Phase of Egyptian Control in Canaan 296 The Settlement of the Philistines and Other Sea Peoples 300 Historical Sources 302 The Initial Settlement of the Sea Peoples 307 Settlement Pattern and Stratigraphy 308 Philistine Bichrome Pottery 313 Architecture 317 Fortifications. Town Planning and Dwellings. The Tell Qasile Temples Cult Objects 323 Glyptic Art and Writing 326 Burial Customs 326 The End of the Philistine Culture 327 The Material Culture of the israelite Tribes in the Period of the Judges 328 Introduction 328 The Israelite Conquest of Canaan in the Light of Archaeological Evidence 329 The Israelite Settlement 334 Settlement Planning and Architecture 338 Pottery 345 Religious Practice 348 The Problem of Ethnic Identity and Origins of Israelite Culture 353 The Canaanites and the Emergence of the Phoenician Culture 355 Transjordan in Iron Age 1 357 Metallurgy, Art, and Writing in Iron Age I 359 Metallurgy 259 Art 361 Writing 361 Notes 363 CHAPTER NINE THE UNITED MONARCHY: Iron Age IIA ca. 1000-925 B.C.E.) 368 Introduction 368 Historical Outline 369 Archaeology of the Time of Saul and David 371 The Time of Solomon 375 Solomonic Buildings in jerusalem, Solomon's Buildings Outside Jerusalem Settlement and Architecture 387 Settlements in the Negev 390 The Outcome of Shishak's Campaign 397 Notes 398 CHAPTER TEN THE DIVIDED MONARCHY: Iron Age IIB-C (925-586 B.C.E.) 403 Historical Outline 403 The Northern Kingdom of Israel 406 Samaria 406 The Samaria Ostraca Major Cities in the Kingdom of Israel 411 Other Towns and Forts in the Northern Kingdom 415 The Southern Kingdom of Judah 416 Settlement Pattern 416 Jerusalem 417 The Palace at Ramer Rabel Lachish 427 Judean Country Towns 435 Occupation History of Judean Towns The Northern Negev 438 Arad: Other Sites in the Northern Negev The Central and Southern Negev 444 Kadesh Barnea: Kuntillet Arad: Tell el-Kheleijeh The Judean Desert 451 Other Forts and Towers in Judah 453 The Lamelech and Rosette Seal Impressions 455 Judah's Downfall 458 Notes 460 CHAPTER ELEVEN GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE ISRAELITE MATERIAL CULTURE 463 Aspects of Israelite Town Planning and Architecture 463 Classification of Cities: Towa Streets: Royal Architecture and Ashlar Masonry Scabies and Store Buildings; Water Supply projects: Dwerlling Industrial! Installations Israelite Cult. Temples, Altars, and Artifacts 492 Dan: Beer sheba, Are Parvo To Other Cult installations, Chy Figurines, Cult Stands Art in Israel and Judah 502 The Samaria ivones: Seal Engravings Israelite Pottery 507 Metallurgy 509 Trade and Foreign Connections 510 internal Trade, international Trade Literacy and Inscriptions 514 Israelite Seas und Seal Impressions Burial Customs 520 Notes 526 CHAPTER TWELVE ISRAEL'S NEIGHBORS AND THE ASSYRIAN AND BABYLONIAN DOMINATIONS Philistia 531 Phoenicia 536 Transjordan 541 The Assyrian Conquests and Domination 544 The Babylonian Period 548 Notes 549 General Index 551 Scriptures Index 570

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