| Título : | The highlands of canaan | | Tipo de documento: | texto impreso | | Autores: | hopkins, David, Autor | | Mención de edición: | 1° | | Editorial: | The almond press | | Fecha de publicación: | 1995 | | Número de páginas: | 326 páginas | | Nota general: | <27350> | | Idioma : | Inglés | | Clasificación: | 220.9/H85/(ING) | | Resumen: | Preface 9
Chapter One
INTRODUCTION 13
A. The Study of Agriculture in Ancient Israel 15
B. Agriculture and the Emergence of Israel 21
Chapter Two
THE PARAMETERS OF AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS 25
A. Classifications of Agriculture 55
B. The Parameters of Agriculture 56
1. Environment 32
2. Agricultural Technology 36
3. Population 42
C. Summary 50
Chapter Three
GEOMORPHOLOGY OF HIGHLAND CANAAN 53
A. Introduction 55
B. The Regions 56
1. The Negev Highlands 56
2. The Judean Highlands 58
3. The Samarian Highlands 63
4. The Galilean Highlands 67
C. The Consequences of Geomorphological Diversity 72
Chapter Four
CLIMATE AND CLIMATIC CHANGE 77
A. Climate 79
1. Introduction 79
2. Seasonality 79
3. Air Temperature and Insolation 81
4. Precipitation 84
5. Water Availability 91
B. Climatic Change 99
Chapter Five
NATURAL VEGETATION AND SOILS 109
A. Introduction 111
B. Nature of the Climax Vegetation 111
C. Causes of Deforestation 115
D. Age of Deforestation 117
E. Consequences of Deforestation 120
F. Soil Landscape 123
1. Soil Distribution and Properties 123
2. Soils and Agriculture 130
G. Natural Vegetation and Soils:
Consequences for Highland Settlement 132
Chapter Six
POPULATION 135
A. Introduction 137
B. Settlement Pattern 138
1. Community Layout 139
2. Individual Structures and Installations 142
3. Zonal Pattern of Settlement 157
C. Population Landscape and Agriculture 167
Chapter Seven
AGRICULTURAL OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES:
WATER CONSERVATION AND CONTROL 171
A. Introduction 173
B. Terrace Systems 173
C. Irrigation 186
D. Field Techniques 187
Chapter Eight
AGRICULTURAL OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES:
SOIL CONSERVATION ND FERTILITY MAINTENANCE 189
A. Introduction 191
B. Fallowing and Land-Use Intensity 192
1. Green Fallow 195
2. Crop Rotation 197
3. Sabbatical-Year Law 200
C. Fertilization 202
D. Terrace Systems 208
E. The Soil Base in Highland Agriculture 209
Chapter Nine
AGRICULTURAL OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES:
RISK SPREADING AND THE OPTIMIZATION OF LABOR 211
A. Introduction 213
B. Work in the Fields 213
1. Plowing and Planting 214
2. Harvesting 223
3. Vine and Tree Crops 227
4. The Structure of Work in the Fields 232
C. Land Use 235
1. Types of Land Use 235
2. Land-Use Pattern 237
3. Crop Mix and Yielding Characteristics 241
4. Agriculture and Livestock Husbandry 245
5. Land-Use Pattern: Summary 250
D. Social Structure and Institutions 251
Chapter Ten
CONCLUSION: SUBSISTENCE CHALLENGES
AND THE EMERGENCE OF ISRAEL 263
Notes 279
Abbreviations 286
Bibliography 287
Indexes 314
Maps 324
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Table
1. Land-Use Classifications 29
Figure
1. Land Quality Variation 34
2. Water Balance – Jerusalem 93
3. Possible Rotational Pattern A 198
4. Possible Rotational Pattern B 198
5. Sabbatical Year in Biennial Rotation 201
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The highlands of canaan [texto impreso] / hopkins, David, Autor . - 1° . - [S.l.] : The almond press, 1995 . - 326 páginas. <27350> Idioma : Inglés | Clasificación: | 220.9/H85/(ING) | | Resumen: | Preface 9
Chapter One
INTRODUCTION 13
A. The Study of Agriculture in Ancient Israel 15
B. Agriculture and the Emergence of Israel 21
Chapter Two
THE PARAMETERS OF AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS 25
A. Classifications of Agriculture 55
B. The Parameters of Agriculture 56
1. Environment 32
2. Agricultural Technology 36
3. Population 42
C. Summary 50
Chapter Three
GEOMORPHOLOGY OF HIGHLAND CANAAN 53
A. Introduction 55
B. The Regions 56
1. The Negev Highlands 56
2. The Judean Highlands 58
3. The Samarian Highlands 63
4. The Galilean Highlands 67
C. The Consequences of Geomorphological Diversity 72
Chapter Four
CLIMATE AND CLIMATIC CHANGE 77
A. Climate 79
1. Introduction 79
2. Seasonality 79
3. Air Temperature and Insolation 81
4. Precipitation 84
5. Water Availability 91
B. Climatic Change 99
Chapter Five
NATURAL VEGETATION AND SOILS 109
A. Introduction 111
B. Nature of the Climax Vegetation 111
C. Causes of Deforestation 115
D. Age of Deforestation 117
E. Consequences of Deforestation 120
F. Soil Landscape 123
1. Soil Distribution and Properties 123
2. Soils and Agriculture 130
G. Natural Vegetation and Soils:
Consequences for Highland Settlement 132
Chapter Six
POPULATION 135
A. Introduction 137
B. Settlement Pattern 138
1. Community Layout 139
2. Individual Structures and Installations 142
3. Zonal Pattern of Settlement 157
C. Population Landscape and Agriculture 167
Chapter Seven
AGRICULTURAL OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES:
WATER CONSERVATION AND CONTROL 171
A. Introduction 173
B. Terrace Systems 173
C. Irrigation 186
D. Field Techniques 187
Chapter Eight
AGRICULTURAL OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES:
SOIL CONSERVATION ND FERTILITY MAINTENANCE 189
A. Introduction 191
B. Fallowing and Land-Use Intensity 192
1. Green Fallow 195
2. Crop Rotation 197
3. Sabbatical-Year Law 200
C. Fertilization 202
D. Terrace Systems 208
E. The Soil Base in Highland Agriculture 209
Chapter Nine
AGRICULTURAL OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES:
RISK SPREADING AND THE OPTIMIZATION OF LABOR 211
A. Introduction 213
B. Work in the Fields 213
1. Plowing and Planting 214
2. Harvesting 223
3. Vine and Tree Crops 227
4. The Structure of Work in the Fields 232
C. Land Use 235
1. Types of Land Use 235
2. Land-Use Pattern 237
3. Crop Mix and Yielding Characteristics 241
4. Agriculture and Livestock Husbandry 245
5. Land-Use Pattern: Summary 250
D. Social Structure and Institutions 251
Chapter Ten
CONCLUSION: SUBSISTENCE CHALLENGES
AND THE EMERGENCE OF ISRAEL 263
Notes 279
Abbreviations 286
Bibliography 287
Indexes 314
Maps 324
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Table
1. Land-Use Classifications 29
Figure
1. Land Quality Variation 34
2. Water Balance – Jerusalem 93
3. Possible Rotational Pattern A 198
4. Possible Rotational Pattern B 198
5. Sabbatical Year in Biennial Rotation 201
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